BRIAN MELLEY
Associated Press
MOJAVE, Calif. (AP) — There were no ejection seats and no easy ways out of SpaceShipTwo if disaster struck.
As the doomed flight rocketed past the speed of sound some eight miles high and then shattered seconds later, the odds of survival were slim. Remarkably, as sections of the cockpit, fuselage, a wing and motor rained down over the Mojave Desert and pieces of the lightweight craft tiny enough to travel 35 miles were picked up by the winds, a single parachute was seen in the sky.
Pilot Peter Siebold was alive and drifting to safety.
“It’s no minor miracle that he did survive and survive in relatively good shape,” Virgin Galactic chief executive George Whitesides said this week.
How Siebold, 43, outlasted the fall from extreme altitude a week ago while co-pilot Mike Alsbury, 39, died is not yet clear, but Siebold is not the first to live through such a harrowing ordeal.
Bill Weaver has been telling a similar story for decades.
The former Lockheed test pilot was torn from the seat of an SR-71 Blackbird at 78,800 feet above New Mexico on Jan. 25, 1966. The plane was going more than triple the speed of sound.
As Weaver banked into a turn, a malfunction caused one engine to lose thrust. He lost control of the jet and knew he was in trouble as the plane began to pitch and break up. He didn’t have time to be scared.
“I knew we were going to just be along for the ride,” he said.
Weaver tried to radio to the reconnaissance and navigations officer in the back seat that there was no way to safely bail out, so they should stick with the plane and eject when it got lower. But the severe gravitational forces made his speech unintelligible and then he blacked out.
The whole event to that point took two to three seconds.
When Weaver regained consciousness, he first thought he was dreaming. With the face plate on his helmet iced over from temperatures as cold as minus 55, he could only see a hazy white light and in a detached sense of euphoria, he thought he was dead. He was relieved when he realized he was alive and plunging toward Earth.
“I had no idea how I got out of the airplane,” he said. “I had no idea how long I had been free falling. Had no idea how high I was or low I was.”
How Siebold got out of SpaceShipTwo is also unknown, according to National Transportation Safety Board Acting Chairman Christopher Hart, who said the pilot hadn’t been interviewed because he’s recovering from injuries originally characterized as moderate to major.
Initial findings show the Virgin Galactic plane designed to take tourists for $250,000 joyrides beyond the edge of Earth’s atmosphere, broke apart after the craft’s re-entry braking system prematurely activated during its rocket blast, Hart said.
Alsbury had unlocked the system earlier than called for. A second lever must be moved to engage the system, but it deployed on its own for some unknown reason. The craft broke up a few seconds later.
SpaceShipTwo did not have ejection seats, but there was an evacuation procedure.
Typically, the pilot would stay with the controls and the co-pilot would depressurize the cabin and then they would both unbuckle and bail out with parachutes, said Brian Binnie, a former test pilot for Scaled Composites, which designed and built the craft for Virgin.
But an aircraft that violently tears apart around you isn’t something you prepare for.
“All bets are off. Now you’re back to DNA. What do you think is your next best move? If you’ve been knocked out or unconscious you don’t have a next best move,” said Binnie, who flew five times in the spaceship and knew the pilots. “Peter, whatever he did, in my mind, he had a patron saint of a particular strength or influence.”
The biggest initial challenge in surviving such a disaster would a windblast of about 500 mph that could blow off eyelids, tear off limbs and snap vertebrae if Siebold was thrown from the craft, said Dr. John Ogle, an Air Force flight surgeon who has investigated plane ejections and crashes.
Ogle suspects Siebold probably stayed with some of the wreckage, such as his seat, which would have slowed his fall. Siebold would have faced the triple threat of lack of oxygen, extreme cold and intense air pressure as he fell at a rate of about 300 mph, he said.
Weaver, 85, is understated as he speaks of the event he called “kind of alarming.”
He attributes his survival to a miracle and also the protection his pressurized suit provided as he was ripped from his ejection seat. The suit kept his blood from boiling under the extreme pressure of the altitude, provided necessary oxygen and some degree of warmth to weather the nearly 15 mile-high fall.
Siebold and Alsbury didn’t have pressurized suits, Whitesides said, though they did have extra oxygen. Whitesides said he hadn’t spoken with Siebold yet.
As Weaver fell, he managed to open the iced-up face plate on his helmet to see where he was. At that point, his parachute chute deployed automatically and he was thrilled to see the canopy of his colleague, Jim Zwayer.
When he landed in the desert largely unscathed, however, he learned that Zwayer was dead. His neck had snapped when the plane ripped apart.
Zwayer was one of many friends and colleagues Weaver lost during decades in the dangerous business.
Two weeks after the disaster, Weaver was back at the controls of a new SR-71. The plane had been improved and never had the same problem again as it replaced the U2 as a Cold War spy plane.
___
Susan Montoya Bryan in Albuquerque, New Mexico contributed to this report.
Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
